100+ Bird Names In Sanskrit With Translation in English

Sanskrit, an ancient and revered language, is special in India’s cultural and spiritual heritage and other Sanskrit-speaking regions. Its rich and nuanced vocabulary captures the essence of nature profoundly and lyrically.

In this context, birds, with their enchanting feathers and melodic songs, are not only admired for their beauty but also their symbolic significance in Sanskrit literature and mythology.

This article will explore various bird names in Sanskrit, providing their English translations and exploring their cultural and symbolic importance within the Sanskrit tradition.

100 Bird Names In Sanskrit

1: Śakunta (Sparrow)

In Sanskrit tradition, the Śakunta (sparrow) is adored for its sweet songs, symbolizing joy and the beauty of simplicity, resonating through Indian villages and cities alike.

2: Mayūra (Peacock)

The Mayūra (peacock), a symbol of beauty and divinity in Sanskrit culture, dazzles with its vibrant plumage, representing grace and the vibrancy of life.

3: Parāvata (Pigeon)

Commonly seen in gardens and urban spaces, the Parāvata (pigeon) in Sanskrit lore represents tranquility and harmony, symbolizing peace and unity.

4: Kāka (Crow)

Widely found across various landscapes, the Kāka (crow) in Sanskrit culture signifies intelligence and adaptability, thriving in urban and rural settings.

5: Śuka (Parrot)

Renowned for their vivid colors and mimicry, Śuka (parrots) are cherished in Sanskrit tradition, symbolizing the joy and chatter of everyday life.

Also, Read: Why Does My Parrot Lunge At Me? Specific Parrot Species Guide

6: Garuḍa (Eagle)

Majestic and powerful, the Garuḍa (eagle) in Sanskrit mythology represents strength and keen vision, revered as a symbol of might and spiritual insight.

7: Ulūka (Owl)

Veiled in nocturnal mystery, the Ulūka (owl), with its mystical presence, is often seen as a symbol of wisdom and knowledge in Sanskrit literature.

Also, Read: Can You Hunt Owls? Everything You Need to Know About Owl Hunting

8: Meenaketu (Kingfisher)

Admired for its agility, the Meenaketu (kingfisher) is known in Sanskrit culture for its precision in fishing, symbolizing skill and grace.

9: Kāṭhaphoṭaka (Woodpecker)

The rhythmic tapping of the Kāṭhaphoṭaka (woodpecker) is symbolic in Sanskrit tradition, signifying nature’s rhythm and the vitality of forest life.

10: Saras (Crane)

The Saras (crane), with its graceful movements and harmonious mating dances, is celebrated in Sanskrit literature, symbolizing elegance and partnership.

11: Hamsa (Duck)

Gliding peacefully on water, the Hamsa (duck) represents serenity and grace in Sanskrit culture with its gentle demeanor and soothing sounds.

12: Rajahamsa (Swan)

In Sanskrit mythology, the Rajahamsa (swan) symbolizes purity and beauty, often featured in romantic tales and legends, embodying spiritual elegance.

13: Kokila (Cuckoo)

The arrival of spring is announced by the melodious song of the Kokila (cuckoo) in Sanskrit tradition, bringing joy and a sense of renewal.

14: Madana (Myna)

The Madana (myna), common in urban areas, is known for its sociability and lively nature in Sanskrit culture, symbolizing urban vitality and communication.

15: Kapota (Dove)

Symbolizing peace and calm, the gentle cooing of the Kapota (dove) is soothing in Sanskrit literature, reflecting harmony and inner peace.

16: Gṛdhra (Vulture)

In Sanskrit tradition, Gṛdhra (vultures) are respected for their ecological role, consuming carrion and thus maintaining the purity and balance of the environment.

17: Tittira (Quail)

Elusive and diminutive, the Tittira (quail) in Sanskrit culture is known for its ability to blend into its surroundings and melodious calls, symbolizing subtlety and discretion.

18: Śyena (Falcon)

The Śyena (falcon) is revered in Sanskrit lore for its remarkable flying abilities and hunting prowess, symbolizing speed, agility, and strategic precision.

19: Sarasā (Heron)

With their elegant stance, Sarasās (herons) are often depicted in Sanskrit literature as poised and patient, standing still near water bodies, symbolizing contemplation and focus.

20: Śiśumāra (Penguin)

Adapted to colder climates, Śiśumāras (penguins) embody resilience and adaptability in Sanskrit tradition, noted for their graceful swimming despite their funny walk on land.

21: Raktakūṭa (Flamingo)

Raktakūṭas (flamingos), with their vibrant pink hues and unique posture, symbolize beauty and uniqueness in Sanskrit culture, often seen in marshy areas.

22: Khañjana (Canary)

In Sanskrit tradition, Khañjanas (canaries) are celebrated for their bright plumage and melodic songs, symbolizing joy and the beauty of sound.

23: Bhṛṅgarāja (Hummingbird)

Bhṛṅgarājas (hummingbirds) in Sanskrit culture are admired for their rapid wing movements and ability to hover, symbolizing agility and the ephemeral beauty of nature.

24: Uṣṭrapakṣi (Ostrich)

Uṣṭrapakṣis (ostriches), known for their land speed and imposing size, represent strength and endurance in Sanskrit culture despite their inability to fly.

25: Śyena (Hawk)

In Sanskrit tradition, Śyenas (hawks), with their keen vision and soaring flight, symbolize the heights of observation and the precision of a skilled hunter.

26: Śuka-pādikā (Magpie)

Śuka-pādikās (magpies), with their distinctive coloration and curious nature, are seen in Sanskrit culture as symbols of intelligence and curiosity.

27: Kāka (Raven)

Larger than the common crow, Kākas (ravens) in Sanskrit lore have deep, resonant calls and are often associated with mystical and untamed aspects of nature.

28: Tittira (Partridge)

Robust and melodious, Tittiras (partridges) symbolize the Sanskrit tradition of rural vitality and the harmonious melodies of the countryside.

29: Jala-bhojī (Pelican)

Known as Jala-bhojīs (pelicans) in Sanskrit culture, these birds are admired for their fishing prowess, often seen scooping up fish with their large throat pouches.

30: Śakunta (Finch)

Śakuntas (finches), small and vibrant, are cherished in Sanskrit literature for their lively chirping, adding a joyful chorus to the natural soundscape.

31: Śyen (Kite)

Śyens, elegantly soaring in the Sanskrit skies, are known for their distinct V-shaped tails, often forming a striking silhouette against the backdrop of ancient cities.

32: Lāvak (Lark)

Celebrated in Sanskrit poetry, Lāvaks (larks) enchant with their high, spiraling flights and melodic songs, inspiring artistic and musical expressions.

33: Ākāśaśākunta (Swift)

Ākāśaśākuntas (swifts), renowned for their remarkable speed, spend most of their lives airborne, nesting high in the nooks of historic structures.

34: Rātriśākunta (Nightingale)

Immortalized in Sanskrit legend, Rātriśākuntas (nightingales) captivate with their nocturnal melodies, adding a musical charm to serene nights.

35: Śukādhira (Cockatoo)

Native to distant lands but recognized in Sanskrit tradition, Śukādhiras (cockatoos) are noted for their striking crests and ability to mimic a range of sounds.

36: Samudra-pakṣi (Albatross)

Samudra-pakṣis (albatrosses), sovereigns of the seas, are revered for their extensive wingspans, enabling them to glide effortlessly over vast oceans.

37: Nakṣatra-pakṣi (Starling)

Nakṣatra-pakṣis (starlings) are admired for their mesmerizing group flights, moving in large, coordinated patterns in the Sanskrit sky.

38: Jalakukkuṭa (Moorhen)

Inhabiting the edges of water bodies, Jalakukkuṭas (moorhens) in Sanskrit culture are recognized by their bright red bills and unique frontal shields.

39: Kākaṇika (Jackdaw)

Part of the crow family, Kākaṇikas, with their distinctive silver-grey heads, are known for their playful and social nature.

40: Sāgarapakṣi (Tern)

Sāgarapakṣis (terns) exhibit exceptional hunting skills overseas, diving with precision to capture fish, symbolic of efficiency and agility.

41: Rohitaka (Robin)

Rohitakas (robins), with their striking orange breasts, hold a special place in many cultures, often symbolizing the warmth and joy of winter festivities.

42: Sāgarashuka (Seagull)

Sāgarashukas (seagulls), recognized by their distinctive calls, are commonly found along coastlines and are adept at thriving in urban settings.

43: Ṭoṅkāra-pakṣi (Toucan)

Ṭoṅkāra-pakṣis (toucans), known for their large, vibrant bills, are an exotic spectacle in the rainforests, symbolizing the vibrancy of nature.

44: Kapiñjala (Pheasant)

Kapiñjalas (pheasants) are noted for their diverse and striking plumage, often associated with hunting in Sanskrit culture.

45: Kūrmaśirā (Ibis)

Respected since ancient times, Kūrmaśirās (ibis) utilize their curved beaks for foraging in marshy lands, epitomizing adaptability and resilience.

46: Kakṣa (Rook)

In Sanskrit culture, Kakṣas (rooks), often seen in agricultural lands, are known for their bare-faced appearance and are celebrated for their strong sense of community and cooperation.

47: Varṇapakṣi (Bunting)

Varṇapakṣis (buntings), small and melodious, charm with their colorful plumage in Sanskrit lore, endearing themselves to nature lovers with their sweet songs.

48: Jalashayapakṣi (Cormorant)

Jalashayapakṣis (cormorants), recognized by their unique wing-drying pose, are adept divers, symbolizing agility and precision in capturing their aquatic prey.

49: Nadiśirā (Curlew)

With their distinctive long, curved beaks, Nadiśirās (curlews) skillfully forage in marshlands, representing grace and adaptability in Sanskrit tradition.

50: Himapakṣi (Grouse)

Himapakṣis (grouse), adapted to chilly terrains, blend seamlessly into snowy landscapes, symbolizing the art of camouflage and survival in harsh conditions.

51: Kṣiprakīrti (Chiffchaff)

Kṣiprakīrtis (chiffchaffs), known for their repetitive and lively tunes, enliven the tree canopies, adding a melodic layer to the natural symphony.

52: Suvarṇapakṣi (Goldfinch)

Suvarṇapakṣis (goldfinches) add a splash of color to gardens with their vibrant plumage, contributing harmoniously to the sounds of nature.

53: Ratribakṣa (Barn Owl)

Ratribakṣas (barn owls), often residing in old buildings, evoke a sense of mystery with their pale appearance and eerie calls at night.

54: Śikhimukha (Hoopoe)

Śikhimukhas (hoopoes), with their distinctive crests and patterned feathers, search the earth with their long beaks, symbolizing diligence and uniqueness.

55: Matsyabhakṣa (Osprey)

Matsyabhakṣas (ospreys), magnificent birds of prey, are known for their precise fishing skills and striking eye masks, symbolizing focus and determination.

56: Raktacaraṇa (Chough)

Raktacaraṇas (choughs), with their shiny black feathers and vivid red bills and legs, are often spotted in rugged landscapes, embodying resilience and adaptability.

57: Marutśākunta (Wheatear)

Marutśākuntas (wheatears) are noted for their quick tail flicks, creating a calming visual rhythm akin to gentle waves in nature.

58: Gṛhapakṣi (House Sparrow)

Ubiquitous in urban settings, Gṛhapakṣis (house sparrows) are integral to human habitation, symbolizing familiarity and adaptation.

59: Piñjara (Bulbul)

Piñjaras (bulbuls), primarily from the East, are renowned for their musical voices, inspiring artistic expressions in Sanskrit culture.

60: Hāsyaśuka (Laughing Dove)

Hāsyaśukas (laughing doves), with their continuous, chuckling coos, add a peaceful and joyful ambiance to mornings and evenings, symbolizing serenity.

61: Nīlakandhara (Roller)

Perched loftily, Nīlakandharas (rollers) exhibit a breathtaking mix of turquoise and brown, surveying their territories with regal poise in Sanskrit lore.

62: Vṛkṣakapota (Wood Pigeon)

With a gentle radiance, Sturdy Vṛkṣakapotas (wood pigeons) roam forests, foraging for fruits and seeds, symbolizing abundance and natural harmony.

63: Śvetakrānti (Avocet)

Gracefully donning black and white feathers, Śvetakrāntis (avocets) skillfully use their curved bills in wetlands, representing finesse and adaptation.

64: Marusthali-pakṣi (Sandgrouse)

Adapted to arid climates, Marusthali-pakṣis (sandgrouses) gather at oases, uniquely utilizing their feathers to absorb and carry water.

65: Bālapakṣi (Pallid Swift)

Characterized by crescent-shaped wings and lighter undersides, Bālapakṣis (pallid swifts) prefer nesting in secluded, often elevated, natural locations.

66: Tāmasa-shuka (Common Grackle)

With glossy, dark feathers and striking pale eyes, Tāmasa-shukas are often observed foraging in open fields, symbolizing alertness and adaptability.

67: Bhramarākhāda (European Bee-Eater)

Vibrant Bhramarākhādas (European bee-eaters) display remarkable aerial agility, hunting insects mid-flight, embodying skill and precision.

68: Suvarṇadhvaja (Golden Oriole)

Suvarṇadhvajas (golden orioles), males resplendent in yellow with black wings, are renowned for their melodic songs, adding to the natural chorus.

69: Kṣetraśuka (Common Quail)

Expertly camouflaged, Kṣetraśukas (common quails) emit distinctive calls, resonating through grassy landscapes, symbolizing stealth and presence.

70: Rātriśakunta (Stone-Curlew)

Possessing large, captivating yellow eyes, Rātriśakuntas (stone-curlews) are nocturnally active, their calls echoing in the tranquility of the night.

71: Dhavalastorka (White Stork)

The tall and noble Dhavalastorka (white stork) is known for its large nests, elongated legs, and the striking contrast of black wings against a white body.

72: Dvivarnakīrta (Pied Kingfisher)

Sporting eye-catching black and white plumage, Dvivarnakīrtas (pied kingfishers) are proficient at hovering and diving for fish, symbolizing focus and skill.

73: Sarasa (Common Crane)

Tall and grey, Sarasas (common cranes) often fly in groups, with their elaborate dancing rituals representing social interaction and beauty.

74: Sarparāja-pakṣi (Secretary Bird)

With lengthy legs and an eagle-like appearance, Sarparāja-pakṣis (secretary birds) excel in hunting snakes, symbolizing a unique blend of agility and strength.

75: Asthikhaṇḍaka (Bearded Vulture)

Distinctive among vultures, Asthikhaṇḍakas (bearded vultures) specializes in consuming bones, signifying a unique ecological role and distinctiveness.

76: Nṛttaśikharī (MacQueen’s Bustard)

Nṛttaśikharīs (MacQueen’s Bustards) are admired in Sanskrit tradition for their majestic aerial dances, often performed during courtship displays.

77: Chullikāsya (Eurasian Spoonbill)

Featuring a unique spoon-shaped bill, Chullikāsyas (Eurasian Spoonbills) are skilled in sifting through water for fish, offering a captivating sight.

78: Śyāmakāka (Hooded Crow)

Primarily found in the Middle East, Śyāmakākas (Hooded Crows) are notable for their grey hood, contrasting with their otherwise black body.

79: Dvivarnakīrta (Pied Kingfisher)

Recognizable by its distinct call, Dvivarnakīrtas (Pied Kingfishers) are experts at diving into water swiftly and precisely, with notable black and white plumage.

80: Śailapārikha (Rock Partridge)

A beautifully patterned bird with a red bill, Śailapārikhas (Rock Partridges) excel in camouflage, blending seamlessly with their natural habitat.

81: Śvetapucchā (White-tailed Lapwing)

Elegant and often seen in desert landscapes, Śvetapucchās (White-tailed Lapwings) are recognized for their round wings and distinct yellow legs.

82: Kanthāvalaya (Eurasian Collared Dove)

Known for the rhythmic movement of its tail accompanying its gentle coos, Kanthāvalayas are commonly observed in pairs, symbolizing companionship.

83: Tālapakṣi (African Palm Swift)

A swift flyer, Tālapakṣis weave through palm trees and construct nests using palm leaves, a familiar sight in warmer climes.

84: Haritāṅgapakṣi (Yellow Wagtail)

Vibrantly yellow, Haritāṅgapakṣis (Yellow Wagtails) are known for their constant tail wagging, especially in the spring, symbolizing joy and vitality.

85: Tīvraśyena (Common Swift)

With sharply-pointed wings, Tīvraśyenas (Common Swifts) are adept at catching insects mid-air, a frequent presence in the skies.

86: Dhavalavakṣapakṣi (White-breasted Kingfisher)

Sporting a blue upper body and white underbelly, Dhavalavakṣapakṣis (White-breasted Kingfishers) are often found near water bodies, symbolizing agility and precision.

87: Akāśagīta (Eurasian Skylark)

Celebrated for their singing prowess, Akāśagītas (Eurasian Skylarks) soar while delivering enchanting melodies, embodying the spirit of freedom and joy.

88: Vṛkṣakapota (Common Wood Pigeon)

This grey pigeon, with distinctive white neck markings, is known for its deep, resonant voice, echoing through the forests, symbolizing depth and serenity.

89: Svarṇabhramara (European Bee-eater)

A golden spectacle, Svarṇabhramaras (European Bee-eaters) excel in aerial maneuvers, often seen hunting insects in flight, symbolizing grace and skill.

90: Laghutara Jalaśāyin (Little Grebe)

Small and aquatic, Laghutara Jalaśāyins (Little Grebes) are known for their unexpected dives in waters, reemerging elsewhere, symbolizing unpredictability and adaptability.

91: Nīlakaṇṭhika (Southern Masked Weaver)

In Sanskrit culture, Nīlakaṇṭhikas (Southern Masked Weavers) are known for their vibrant yellow neck and dark facial mask, celebrated for their nest-weaving skills over water bodies.

92: Śailāśraya (Eurasian Crag Martin)

Preferring cliff environments, Śailāśrayas (Eurasian Crag Martins), with brownish-grey feathers, are noted for their unique nests and uplifting songs in rocky landscapes.

93: Marusthalī (Greater Hoopoe Lark)

Adapted to desert terrains, Marusthalīs (Greater Hoopoe Larks) display a striking mix of black, white, and brown feathers, complete with a notable crest.

94: Dhumravarṇa (Cinereous Bunting)

Often seen on poles, Dhumravarṇas (Cinereous Buntings) enchant with their sweet melodies, with brown plumage highlighted by pale facial markings.

95: Dyutimān (Shining Sunbird)

In Sanskrit lore, Dyutimāns (Shining Sunbirds), males with a radiant purple chest, move swiftly among flowers, playing a vital role in pollination.

96: Raktaśirā (Red-billed Chough)

Raktaśirās (Red-billed Choughs), with glossy dark plumage, are distinguished by their red bill and feet, favoring coastal and mountainous areas.

97: Nīlavarna (Purple Sunbird)

In Sanskrit tradition, Nīlavarṇas (Purple Sunbirds) exhibit iridescent purple and green feathers, energetically flitting among flowers for nectar.

98: Pītānta (Yellow-vented Bulbul)

With a distinctive yellow tail, Pītāntas (Yellow-vented Bulbuls) has become a familiar presence even in urban areas, symbolizing adaptability and cheerfulness.

99: Śikhaḍī (Spur-winged Lapwing)

Śikhaḍīs (Spur-winged Lapwings) feature unique facial patterns and are known for their distinct rattling wing sounds during flight.

100: Jalapakṣirāja (Common Kingfisher)

Jalapakṣirājas (Common Kingfishers) are vibrant and adept divers, plunging into water bodies with remarkable skill to capture fish, symbolizing precision and beauty.

How To Say Bird In Sanskrit

In Sanskrit, the word for ‘bird’ is “Pakṣi.”

Cultural and Literary Significance of Birds in Sanskrit

The term “Pakṣi” encompasses a variety of bird species, each holding significant cultural, literary, and historical implications within the Sanskrit-speaking community. Birds in Sanskrit culture often symbolize spirituality, knowledge, and grace.

Sanskrit Proverbs Involving Birds

“Pratyekaṁ Pakṣiṇaṁ svanena jñāyate” – This proverb, meaning “Each bird is known by its sound,” highlights the importance of unique qualities and identity.

“Uḍḍayān Pakṣī ākāśasya mahimānaṁ veti” translates to “The bird that flies knows the greatness of the sky,” underlining the significance of personal journey and exploration.

Birds of Prey in Sanskrit Traditions

In Sanskrit traditions, raptors like eagles (Garuḍa), hawks (Śyena), and falcons (Vāyasa) are revered for their might and prowess. Their Sanskrit names reflect their regal and formidable nature.

Melodic Birds in Sanskrit Poetry

Birds such as nightingales (Rātriśākunta), larks (Lāvak), and finches (Chitrapakṣi), known for their sweet songs, often symbolize love and aesthetic beauty in Sanskrit poetry. Their names in Sanskrit capture the essence of their musical and enchanting nature.

Sanskrit Idioms Featuring Birds

The richness of the Sanskrit language includes idioms and phrases that incorporate bird names, reflecting the region’s profound cultural and linguistic depth.

Native Birds of Sanskrit Literature

Typical birds native to the varied landscapes depicted in Sanskrit literature, such as the Indian robin (Raktapakṣa), Peafowl (Mayūra), and Partridge (Tittira), represent the local avian diversity and natural heritage.

Mystical Birds of Sanskrit Mythology

Sanskrit mythology is filled with tales of mythical birds, like the phoenix (Bennu Pakṣi), known for its regeneration cycle, creating fascinating stories and myths.

Bird Symbolism in Ancient Sanskrit Dynasties

In ancient Sanskrit history, birds held significant symbolic value, often serving as emblems and symbols representing various meanings and teachings in art and literature.

Conclusion

From the musical calls of the Rātriśākunta (Nightingale) to the majestic soar of the Garuḍa (Eagle), the realm of birds occupies a revered place in Sanskrit culture, language, and traditions.

The idioms, proverbs, and mythological stories featuring these birds offer a glimpse into the rich natural beauty of the regions influenced by Sanskrit. These elements highlight the deep connection of the Sanskrit-speaking community with these avian wonders.

In Sanskrit heritage, birds are emblematic symbols, representing spiritual freedom and serving as messengers in epic narratives or as figures in cultural lore. They signify the intricate and harmonious link between nature and cultural ethos.

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